@article{Siegel2023,

title = {Distribution, threats and protection of selected karst groundwater-dependent ecosystems in the Mediterranean region},

author = {L. Siegel and N. Goldscheider and M. Petitta and J. Xanke and B. Andreo and M. Bakalowicz and J. A. Barberá and R. Bouhlila and A. Burg and J. Doummar and I. Ezzine and J. Fernández-Ortega and M. Ghanmi and H. Jourde and A. I. Marín and A. Mhimdi and T. Pipan and N. Ravbar and A. M. Stevanović and Z. Stevanović},

url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10040-023-02711-9},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-023-02711-9},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-09-22},

urldate = {2023-09-22},

journal = { Hydrogeology Journal },

abstract = {Karst groundwater-dependent ecosystems (KGDEs) in the Mediterranean region are important in terms of ecosystem services and biodiversity but are increasingly under anthropogenic pressures and climate-change constraints. For this study, the ecohydrological characteristics, threats, and protection status of 112 selected KGDEs around the Mediterranean Sea, including caves, springs, rivers and wetlands, were evaluated, based on local expert knowledge and scientific literature. Results demonstrate that KGDEs contribute considerably to regional biodiversity. The diversity of karst landscapes, combined with the groundwater emergence at springs, leads to exceptional habitat diversity, particularly in arid climates, where KGDEs serve as a refuge for species that could not thrive in the surrounding environment. The most common threats identified among the selected sites are direct human disturbances, such as mass tourism or overfishing, water-quality deterioration and water shortage from aquifer overdraft and/or climate change. Although most of the selected sites are under protection, conservation measures are frequently insufficient. Such shortcomings are often caused by poor data availability, little knowledge on conservation needs of invertebrate species, and conflicts of interest with the local population. For this purpose, it is necessary to raise environmental awareness and promote interdisciplinary research, in order to monitor water quality and quantity in addition to the status of the biocenoses.},

keywords = {Groundwater, Pressures},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Kerzabi2021,

title = {Contribution of remote sensing and GIS to mapping groundwater vulnerability in arid zone: Case from Amour Mountains- Algerian Saharan Atlas},

author = {R. Kerzabi and H. Mansour and S. Yousfi and A. I. Marín and B. Andreo and K. E. Bensefia},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2021.104277},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2021.104277},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-10-01},

journal = {Journal of African Earth Sciences},

volume = {182},

number = {104277},

issue = {October 2021},

abstract = {Protecting groundwater resource from pollution in arid zone is coming an important act for sensing development in this region calling for geomatics tools to characterize the geological and hydrogeological environment. The present work gives a new way to combine remote sensing and geographic information systems to elaborate vulnerability map of Deffa watershed (in Amour Mountains). This region is a good example of arid zones how know an important growth of agriculture, but there is under gap of geological, hydrogeological and soil knowledge. In the first time, we analyzed the Landsat 8-OLI image data with bands combination, ratios composition in RGB and filters to cartography the lithology's contours and lineament map. The false color composition of bands (765, 753, and 543) in RGB given the primary lithological delimitation. Supported by band rationing technique, we produced of 1/50000 geological map. The filter treatments given the lineament map superposed to the first one to realize geo-structural map. In addition, these images served to elaborate pedology map, using Decision Tree (Slope, Redness Index and Lithology parameters). Secondly, we established a GIS including the result map of RS treatment (lithology, lineament and soil maps) and additional spatial information (aquifer type and deep of groundwater surface and precipitations …). In GIS, the vulnerability index are calculated using GOD and PI methods. Both of maps displayed four classes of vulnerability: between Low and Extreme in the first map, and Very low to High vulnerability in the second one. In the some areas, we have controversial values of vulnerability; this leads us to validate these maps using pollution indicators (NO3−, NH4+ and SO42−). The validation displayed that the PI coincides better with special concentrations of pollutants.},

keywords = {Climate Change, Conservation and management, Geotechnology, Groundwater, Pressures},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Marín2021,

title = {Groundwater vulnerability to pollution in karst aquifers, considering key challenges and considerations: application to the Ubrique springs in southern Spain},

author = {A. I. Marín and J. F. Martín Rodríguez and J. A. Barberá and J. Fernández-Ortega and M. Mudarra and D. Sánchez and B. Andreo},

url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10040-020-02279-8},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-020-02279-8},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-21},

journal = {Hydrogeology Journal},

abstract = {Groundwater vulnerability mapping is one of the tools most often applied to analyse the sensitivity of karst aquifers to pollution. These maps aim to support stakeholders in decision-making and to promote land-use management compatible with water protection; however, the validation of these maps is still a challenge in many cases, triggering high uncertainty. For karst media, due to the strong heterogeneity in recharge mechanisms and hydraulic characteristics, validation is a significant stage and it must be inherent within the groundwater vulnerability assessment process. This work aims to assess the implementation of tools used for protecting the quality of water discharging or extracted from the Ubrique karst system in southern Spain, which supplies drinking water that is threatened by periodical pollution/turbidity episodes. A groundwater vulnerability map, attained by application of the COP method and validated by multiple in-situ observations, shows an extremely vulnerable system due to the absence of protective overlayers and the significant development of exokarst landforms, including shallow holes. This map could constitute the basis for defining protection zones for the Ubrique springs; however, their comprehensive protection requires the implementation of monitoring tools and an effective management strategy, through an early warning system that assures stable environmental and hydrogeological conditions and improves operational procedures associated with the drinking water service. This research establishes the strong relationship of the different methods applied to protect the source from contamination events, ranging from classical hydrodynamic and hydrochemical approaches to the implementation of protection zones and early warning groundwater quality monitoring networks.},

keywords = {Groundwater},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Andreo2018,

title = {A multi-method approach for groundwater resource assessment in coastal carbonate (karst) aquifers: the case study of Sierra Almijara (southern Spain)},

author = {B. Andreo and J. A. Barberá and M. Mudarra and A. I. Marín and J. García-Orellana and V. Rodellas and I. Pérez},

url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10040-017-1652-7},

doi = {10.1007/s10040-017-1652-7},

issn = {1431-2174},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-02-01},

journal = {Hydrogeology Journal},

volume = {26},

number = {1},

pages = {41-56},

abstract = {Understanding the transference of water resources within hydrogeological systems, particularly in coastal aquifers, in which groundwater discharge may occur through multiple pathways (through springs, into rivers and streams, towards the sea, etc.), is crucial for sustainable groundwater use. This research aims to demonstrate the usefulness of the application of conventional recharge assessment methods coupled to isotopic techniques for accurately quantifying the hydrogeological balance and submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) from coastal carbonate aquifers. Sierra Almijara (Southern Spain), a carbonate aquifer formed of Triassic marbles, is considered as representative of Mediterranean coastal karst formations. The use of a multi-method approach has permitted the computation of a wide range of groundwater infiltration rates (17–60%) by means of direct application of hydrometeorological methods (Thornthwaite and Kessler) and spatially distributed information (modified APLIS method). A spatially weighted recharge rate of 42% results from the most coherent information on physiographic and hydrogeological characteristics of the studied system. Natural aquifer discharge and groundwater abstraction have been volumetrically quantified, based on flow and water-level data, while the relevance of SGD was estimated from the spatial analysis of salinity, 222Rn and the short-lived radium isotope 224Ra in coastal seawater. The total mean aquifer discharge (44.9–45.9 hm3 year−1) is in agreement with the average recharged groundwater (44.7 hm3 year−1), given that the system is volumetrically equilibrated during the study period. Besides the groundwater resources assessment, the methodological aspects of this research may be interesting for groundwater management and protection strategies in coastal areas, particularly karst environments.},

keywords = {Conservation and management, Groundwater},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Marín2015b,

title = {Vulnerability mapping and protection zoning of karst springs. Validation by multitracer tests},

author = {A. I. Marín and B. Andreo and M. Mudarra},

url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969715300875},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.05.029},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-11-01},

journal = {Science of The Total Environment},

volume = {532},

pages = {435-446},

abstract = {Protection zoning of karst springs and wells used for water supply is a key aspect in many countries, calling for specific methodologies adapted to the particular characteristics of karst media. This work presents a new approach, in view of the present state of the art and based on experiences with contamination vulnerability mapping at the pilot site of the Villanueva del Rosario karst system (southern Spain). Source (intrinsic) vulnerability maps were prepared and compared using three European procedures for karst aquifers. The vulnerability maps were then tested using dye tracers. The COP + K method and Slovene Approach appear to provide reliable results in terms of intrinsic vulnerability mapping. Nevertheless, all the methods have a margin of error. The COP + K map is adopted as the baseline to delineate the protection zones, through the conversion from vulnerability classes to degrees of protection.},

keywords = {Conservation and management, Groundwater, Pressures},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Marín2015c,

title = {Preliminary proposal of a guideline to delineate the protection zones of karts springs In Groundwater vulnerability -from scientific concept to practical application},

author = {A. I. Marín and B. Andreo},

url = {Not available online},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-05-25},

journal = {Ustron},

pages = {52},

abstract = {Not available online},

note = {Not available online},

keywords = {Conservation and management, Groundwater, Pressures},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Marín2015,

title = {Vulnerability to Contamination of Karst Aquifers},

author = {A. I. Marín and B. Andreo},

url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-319-12850-4_8},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12850-4_8},

isbn = {978-3-319-12850-4},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-02-26},

journal = {Karst Aquifers—Characterization and Engineering},

pages = {251-266},

abstract = {The karst aquifers are especially vulnerable to pollution due to their hydrological behavior derived from karstification. The vulnerability mapping is one of the most applied tools to protect them. There is a wide range of methodologies for vulnerability mapping that have been developed for karst aquifer, to consider the specific characteristics of karst into the vulnerability assessment, such as EPIK, PI, COP, Slovene Approach and PaPRIKa, among others. The vulnerability map can help the water stakeholder for decision-making and to promote a land-use management compatible with the water protection. So the maps should have reliable accuracy. Many works highlight that the maps of groundwater contamination vulnerability obtained from different methods differ significantly, although they were all obtained by methods developed for karst aquifers or they are obtained from the same source of information and applied by the same person. So, the validation is an essential element of any contamination vulnerability assessment. The current challenge of researchers is to obtain versatile and easy methods to test and validate vulnerability maps.},

keywords = {Groundwater, Pressures},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}